CHEMISTRY 102

CHEMISTRY 102
CHAPTER 20 LECTURE OUTLINE


I.	OXIDATION - "REVIEW"                                            

	A.	Lose electrons "OXIDATION" (LEO) - Low Electronegativity
	B.	Oxidation Numbers (+ charge: "0" for elements)
	C.	Solid Metals (IA, IIA, Transitions)
	D.	SOP - Standard Oxidation Potential
        E.      "0" - Hydrogen Reference Electrode

II.	REDUCTION - "REVIEW"

	A.	Gain electrons "REDUCTION" (GER) - High Electronegativity
	B.	Oxidation Numbers (- charge: "0" for elements)
        C.      Metal Cations (Usually Transitions) & Non-Metal Elements(Halogens)
	D.	SRP - Standard Reduction Potential
        E.      "0" - Hydrogen Reference Electrode

III.	CELLS (GALVANIC OR VOLTAIC)

	A.	Oxidized Species - Anode (attracts anions): ANOX = "-" electrode
	B.	Reduced Species - Cathode (attracts cations): REDCAT ="+" electrode
	C.	Salt Bridge(electrolyte) - provides flow of anions
	D.	Circuit - electron flow (spontaneous) delta G = "-"
	E.	Half-Reactions (must have both - cannot have one without the other)
	F.	NET REACTION (no electrons) - Review Redox Reactions

IV.	BATTERIES

	A.	Dry Cell: non-rechargeable
	B.	Alkaline: non-rechargeable
	C.	Mercury: non-rechargeable
	D.	Lead Storage: rechargeable
	E.	Ni-Cd: rechargeable
	F.	Fuel cell: hydrogen + oxygen ---> water (non-polluting)

V.	ELECTROLYTIC CELLS (REVERSE CHARGES: anode = "+"; cathode "-")

	A.	NaCl
		1.	Molten - know products
		2.	Aqueous - know products
	B.	Electroplating
		1.	Protection
		2.	Jewelry

VI.	CORROSION - commonly referred to as "OXIDATION"

	A.	Iron: "RUST" requires H2O, O2 and is enhanced by salt and low temperatures
	B.	Other Metals
                1.  Copper: Green
                2.  Silver: Black
                3.  Zinc: White
	C.	Protection
		1.	Paint
		2.	Plate with different metal
		3.	Cathodic Protection - Sacrificial Anode


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