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CHAPTER 20 LECTURE OUTLINE
I. OXIDATION - "REVIEW"
A. Lose electrons "OXIDATION" (LEO) - Low Electronegativity
B. Oxidation Numbers (+ charge: "0" for elements)
C. Solid Metals (IA, IIA, Transitions)
D. SOP - Standard Oxidation Potential
E. "0" - Hydrogen Reference Electrode
II. REDUCTION - "REVIEW"
A. Gain electrons "REDUCTION" (GER) - High Electronegativity
B. Oxidation Numbers (- charge: "0" for elements)
C. Metal Cations (Usually Transitions) & Non-Metal Elements(Halogens)
D. SRP - Standard Reduction Potential
E. "0" - Hydrogen Reference Electrode
III. CELLS (GALVANIC OR VOLTAIC)
A. Oxidized Species - Anode (attracts anions): ANOX = "-" electrode
B. Reduced Species - Cathode (attracts cations): REDCAT ="+" electrode
C. Salt Bridge(electrolyte) - provides flow of anions
D. Circuit - electron flow (spontaneous) delta G = "-"
E. Half-Reactions (must have both - cannot have one without the other)
F. NET REACTION (no electrons) - Review Redox Reactions
IV. BATTERIES
A. Dry Cell: non-rechargeable
B. Alkaline: non-rechargeable
C. Mercury: non-rechargeable
D. Lead Storage: rechargeable
E. Ni-Cd: rechargeable
F. Fuel cell: hydrogen + oxygen ---> water (non-polluting)
V. ELECTROLYTIC CELLS (REVERSE CHARGES: anode = "+"; cathode "-")
A. NaCl
1. Molten - know products
2. Aqueous - know products
B. Electroplating
1. Protection
2. Jewelry
VI. CORROSION - commonly referred to as "OXIDATION"
A. Iron: "RUST" requires H2O, O2 and is enhanced by salt and low temperatures
B. Other Metals
1. Copper: Green
2. Silver: Black
3. Zinc: White
C. Protection
1. Paint
2. Plate with different metal
3. Cathodic Protection - Sacrificial Anode
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